Yamato
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EUR-GBP-USD triangle ARBITRAGE
I woke up thinking of arbitrage. If anyone wants to discuss arbitrage or semi-arbitrage or arbitragish trading on the EUR-GBP, let me know, whether we'll do it here or in private. I got some bad ideas in my head...
Ok. I've done some research. Here's a good link on what they call "equilibrium" and "oscillator" formulas: Forex Chartist.
What do I have in mind?
Ok, so let's keep things simple, the way I always do. What is it that I want to do and that I'm calling "arbitrage" and how right am I in calling it "aribtrage"?
I noticed on charts that EUR and GBP move together. In other words the exchange rate of the dollar versus GBP and EUR moves in the same direction. Now, if, on my intraday chart, I see that the EUR has risen a lot and that the GBP has unexpectedly fallen or zigzagged, I want to bet as I always do that the EUR will bounce back down, but also that the GBP will rise. I will therefore proceed to go LONG on the GBP 2 contracts and SHORT 1 contract on the EUR (because of their different leverage).
If I am right on both bets, I will make money on both. If I am wrong, as often happens, and the EUR keeps on rising, I will lose money on that for sure. But if the EUR keeps on rising, how likely is the GBP to keep on zigzagging or even falling? Almost zero chance. The GBP will most likely rise as much as the EUR if not more, because it has to catch up its delay from not rising all day long. So the GBP will rise, and I will make money on it, because I am LONG 2 contracts. What I will lose on the EUR will be outweighed by what I'll gain on the GBP. So in this case I will make money as well. So I never lose? Right. Unless those two prices keep on going where they have been going so far, then I won't lose at least. But they are very unlikely to keep diverging for so long.
One day I should test and automate a system on this, but, before doing that, I need to understand exactly what I am doing. I am quite positive that it makes money.
How close is my idea to the concept of "arbitrage"?
Now let's see what wikipedia says about the "arbitrage" concept and see if I am right on track and if what I just explained can be called "arbitrage". I will quote the lines that I understand and that agree with my concept from the arbitrage page of wikipedia:
So far so good.
Not good. None of the three applies to my idea. So maybe what I have in mind cannot be properly called "arbitrage". And yet that book I talked about earlier does talk of arbitrage done on EUR and GBP, speaking of "two corresponding USD pairs" and "EUR-GBP-USD triangle".
Idea for oscillator and tradestation testing
As I was reading it, I just came up with a good first concept for a simple oscillator, also good for tradestation testing: you start at a given time of the day and measure the ticks change on EUR and GBP. How many ticks are they moving apart? Does the book say more about it? Maybe. Maybe the entire book is about the oscillator. But this little idea I got, these 3 lines I read out of the whole book, are enough to build my whole system and automation on it, so I won't go any further.
By the way, the key to testing and automating is simplifying your concepts - that's why I am so good at it. Because I spent my life explaining things to myself and others and I did so by simplifying everything, and when I need to explain things to the computer, I am already in that simplified explaining mode. Maybe because I am stupid and I need simple things, or maybe because I am intelligent and I want to understand everything. Maybe I could say that I am a hard-working dummy. That's why I like those "for dummies" books so much, and wikipedia itself is a "for dummy" encyclopedia. But I am also intelligent: to simplify and to synthesize you need to understand something first. But I am definitely slow. That's why I can write all this - otherwise my thinking would get to the answer so fast that I couldn't manage to write down my ideas and my train of thought, as they would flow too fast to be identified. These really intelligent people I met suck at explaining things.
Anyway, despite the fact that wikipedia is a "for dummies" entry, let's at least read half of it, and report whatever else is close to my idea:
Ok, this "simultaneously" concept is again close to my idea, because that's how I would go about it: simultaneously.
Wow, this tells me three things. First thing is that, once again, what I am planning to do on forex is not exactly arbitrage. Second thing is that everyone is very organized in this field and I won't have a chance to succeed at it even if I do it. Third thing is... there were just two things.
My idea is more like arbitrage + overstretched (oversold/overbought) concepts. Or maybe my idea is exactly arbitrage and the fact that such fast computers are already doing it doesn't keep it from being profitable for me. Yeah, because these superfast computers are doing it immediately, within a few seconds. But I am talking about trades that last a few hours. So we're both talking about arbitrage but in different timeframes. No wait... we're not talking about the same thing at all, and my trading idea is NOT arbitrage, according to this wikipedia entry so far. I won't buy and sell and realize an immediate profit. Arbitrage is 100% guaranteed profit or similar: my thing is just a trading system based on divergences between EUR and GBP being cancelled. But my idea is totally arbitrage according to the book. This means that, just like for "automated trading" and "algorithmic trading" (which could either mean the trading I do or the high-frequency trading banks do), also "arbitrage" has two different meanings.
But let's keep on reading, to see if wikipedia mentions at all anything close to my idea (which is, once again, a high % of wins with trades that last a few hours, rather than 100% of wins with trades that last a few seconds, as in this example: "Converting ¥1000 to $12 in Tokyo and converting that $12 into ¥1200 in London, for a profit of ¥200, would be arbitrage"). Ok... I'm gonna keep reading.
Ok, here once again we're far from my idea, and close to high-frequency trading, which has nothing to do with what I wanted to do and nothing to do with what is within my power to do.
Yet another example of how far I am from what they intend by "arbitrage", that is "risk-free profit". That's exactly the point actually: I am not talking about risk-free profit. I am talking about a regular system, like all my other systems, looking for a trade that maybe will make money, or that most likely will make money, or, to be even more precise, a trade that probably will make money, but not certainly, as this wikipedia entry has said of arbitrage so far.
Ok, I've finally found it. This is it. This is what I meant by arbitrage and "arbitragish": they call it a "modified form of arbitrage". Here it goes:
Potential Disaster in my type of arbitrage
Oh, look, there's more about my type of arbitrage:
Ok, I read later, by their examples that after all risk arbitrage is not used for what I am planning to do, and that maybe the closest concept is Statistical Arbitrage. Now let's go and read that whole entry, and talk about it in my next post.
I woke up thinking of arbitrage. If anyone wants to discuss arbitrage or semi-arbitrage or arbitragish trading on the EUR-GBP, let me know, whether we'll do it here or in private. I got some bad ideas in my head...
Ok. I've done some research. Here's a good link on what they call "equilibrium" and "oscillator" formulas: Forex Chartist.
What do I have in mind?
Ok, so let's keep things simple, the way I always do. What is it that I want to do and that I'm calling "arbitrage" and how right am I in calling it "aribtrage"?
I noticed on charts that EUR and GBP move together. In other words the exchange rate of the dollar versus GBP and EUR moves in the same direction. Now, if, on my intraday chart, I see that the EUR has risen a lot and that the GBP has unexpectedly fallen or zigzagged, I want to bet as I always do that the EUR will bounce back down, but also that the GBP will rise. I will therefore proceed to go LONG on the GBP 2 contracts and SHORT 1 contract on the EUR (because of their different leverage).
If I am right on both bets, I will make money on both. If I am wrong, as often happens, and the EUR keeps on rising, I will lose money on that for sure. But if the EUR keeps on rising, how likely is the GBP to keep on zigzagging or even falling? Almost zero chance. The GBP will most likely rise as much as the EUR if not more, because it has to catch up its delay from not rising all day long. So the GBP will rise, and I will make money on it, because I am LONG 2 contracts. What I will lose on the EUR will be outweighed by what I'll gain on the GBP. So in this case I will make money as well. So I never lose? Right. Unless those two prices keep on going where they have been going so far, then I won't lose at least. But they are very unlikely to keep diverging for so long.
One day I should test and automate a system on this, but, before doing that, I need to understand exactly what I am doing. I am quite positive that it makes money.
How close is my idea to the concept of "arbitrage"?
Now let's see what wikipedia says about the "arbitrage" concept and see if I am right on track and if what I just explained can be called "arbitrage". I will quote the lines that I understand and that agree with my concept from the arbitrage page of wikipedia:
In economics and finance, arbitrage is the practice of taking advantage of a price differential between two or more markets...
So far so good.
Arbitrage is possible when one of three conditions is met:
1. The same asset does not trade at the same price on all markets ("the law of one price").
2. Two assets with identical cash flows do not trade at the same price.
3. An asset with a known price in the future does not today trade at its future price discounted at the risk-free interest rate (or, the asset does not have negligible costs of storage; as such, for example, this condition holds for grain but not for securities).
Not good. None of the three applies to my idea. So maybe what I have in mind cannot be properly called "arbitrage". And yet that book I talked about earlier does talk of arbitrage done on EUR and GBP, speaking of "two corresponding USD pairs" and "EUR-GBP-USD triangle".
Idea for oscillator and tradestation testing
As I was reading it, I just came up with a good first concept for a simple oscillator, also good for tradestation testing: you start at a given time of the day and measure the ticks change on EUR and GBP. How many ticks are they moving apart? Does the book say more about it? Maybe. Maybe the entire book is about the oscillator. But this little idea I got, these 3 lines I read out of the whole book, are enough to build my whole system and automation on it, so I won't go any further.
By the way, the key to testing and automating is simplifying your concepts - that's why I am so good at it. Because I spent my life explaining things to myself and others and I did so by simplifying everything, and when I need to explain things to the computer, I am already in that simplified explaining mode. Maybe because I am stupid and I need simple things, or maybe because I am intelligent and I want to understand everything. Maybe I could say that I am a hard-working dummy. That's why I like those "for dummies" books so much, and wikipedia itself is a "for dummy" encyclopedia. But I am also intelligent: to simplify and to synthesize you need to understand something first. But I am definitely slow. That's why I can write all this - otherwise my thinking would get to the answer so fast that I couldn't manage to write down my ideas and my train of thought, as they would flow too fast to be identified. These really intelligent people I met suck at explaining things.
Anyway, despite the fact that wikipedia is a "for dummies" entry, let's at least read half of it, and report whatever else is close to my idea:
Arbitrage is not simply the act of buying a product in one market and selling it in another for a higher price at some later time. The transactions must occur simultaneously to avoid exposure to market risk, or the risk that prices may change on one market before both transactions are complete.
Ok, this "simultaneously" concept is again close to my idea, because that's how I would go about it: simultaneously.
Examples
Suppose that the exchange rates (after taking out the fees for making the exchange) in London are £5 = $10 = ¥1000 and the exchange rates in Tokyo are ¥1000 = $12 = £6. Converting ¥1000 to $12 in Tokyo and converting that $12 into ¥1200 in London, for a profit of ¥200, would be arbitrage. In reality, this "triangle arbitrage" is so simple that it almost never occurs. But more complicated foreign exchange arbitrages, such as the spot-forward arbitrage (see interest rate parity) are much more common.
Wow, this tells me three things. First thing is that, once again, what I am planning to do on forex is not exactly arbitrage. Second thing is that everyone is very organized in this field and I won't have a chance to succeed at it even if I do it. Third thing is... there were just two things.
My idea is more like arbitrage + overstretched (oversold/overbought) concepts. Or maybe my idea is exactly arbitrage and the fact that such fast computers are already doing it doesn't keep it from being profitable for me. Yeah, because these superfast computers are doing it immediately, within a few seconds. But I am talking about trades that last a few hours. So we're both talking about arbitrage but in different timeframes. No wait... we're not talking about the same thing at all, and my trading idea is NOT arbitrage, according to this wikipedia entry so far. I won't buy and sell and realize an immediate profit. Arbitrage is 100% guaranteed profit or similar: my thing is just a trading system based on divergences between EUR and GBP being cancelled. But my idea is totally arbitrage according to the book. This means that, just like for "automated trading" and "algorithmic trading" (which could either mean the trading I do or the high-frequency trading banks do), also "arbitrage" has two different meanings.
But let's keep on reading, to see if wikipedia mentions at all anything close to my idea (which is, once again, a high % of wins with trades that last a few hours, rather than 100% of wins with trades that last a few seconds, as in this example: "Converting ¥1000 to $12 in Tokyo and converting that $12 into ¥1200 in London, for a profit of ¥200, would be arbitrage"). Ok... I'm gonna keep reading.
One example of arbitrage involves the New York Stock Exchange and the Chicago Mercantile Exchange. When the price of a stock on the NYSE and its corresponding futures contract on the CME are out of sync, one can buy the less expensive one and sell it to the more expensive market. Because the differences between the prices are likely to be small (and not to last very long), this can only be done profitably with computers examining a large number of prices and automatically exercising a trade when the prices are far enough out of balance. The activity of other arbitrageurs can make this risky. Those with the fastest computers and the most expertise take advantage of series of small differentials that would not be profitable if taken individually.
Ok, here once again we're far from my idea, and close to high-frequency trading, which has nothing to do with what I wanted to do and nothing to do with what is within my power to do.
Sports arbitrage – numerous internet bookmakers offer odds on the outcome of the same event. Any given bookmaker will weight their odds so that no one customer can cover all outcomes at a profit against their books. However, in order to remain competitive their margins are usually quite low. Different bookmakers may offer different odds on the same outcome of a given event; by taking the best odds offered by each bookmaker, a customer can under some circumstances cover all possible outcomes of the event and lock a small risk-free profit, known as a Dutch book.
Yet another example of how far I am from what they intend by "arbitrage", that is "risk-free profit". That's exactly the point actually: I am not talking about risk-free profit. I am talking about a regular system, like all my other systems, looking for a trade that maybe will make money, or that most likely will make money, or, to be even more precise, a trade that probably will make money, but not certainly, as this wikipedia entry has said of arbitrage so far.
Ok, I've finally found it. This is it. This is what I meant by arbitrage and "arbitragish": they call it a "modified form of arbitrage". Here it goes:
Some types of hedge funds make use of a modified form of arbitrage to profit. Rather than exploiting price differences between identical assets, they will purchase and sell securities, assets and derivatives with similar characteristics, and hedge any significant differences between the two assets. Any difference between the hedged positions represents any remaining risk (such as basis risk) plus profit; the belief is that there remains some difference which, even after hedging most risk, represents pure profit. For example, a fund may see that there is a substantial difference between U.S. dollar debt and local currency debt of a foreign country, and enter into a series of matching trades (including currency swaps) to arbitrage the difference, while simultaneously entering into credit default swaps to protect against country risk and other types of specific risk.
Potential Disaster in my type of arbitrage
Oh, look, there's more about my type of arbitrage:
Another risk occurs if the items being bought and sold are not identical and the arbitrage is conducted under the assumption that the prices of the items are correlated or predictable. In the extreme case this is risk arbitrage, described below. In comparison to the classical quick arbitrage transaction, such an operation can produce disastrous losses.
Ok, I read later, by their examples that after all risk arbitrage is not used for what I am planning to do, and that maybe the closest concept is Statistical Arbitrage. Now let's go and read that whole entry, and talk about it in my next post.
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