Just looking at the US markets at the moment, I get the feeling that we are running out of steam.
Last Wednesday, after looking at INTC's results and guidance and then the stubbornly high price of oil, I felt that things had changed. We got the big pullback on friday. It now appears (still pretty early to reach firm conclusions) that Q4 earnings are going to be mediocre at best. It's all very well to say that 80% of S&P companies have met or exceeded their estimates, but when you look at the companies who are falling short or being cautious looking forward you get some big names: INTC, C, AA.
It is also worth noting that the structure of markets change - or to be more accurate the composition of its participants. Whilst the slow moving, long-term holders of shares i.e. pension funds, insurance companies and the retail sector will all say that they are buying at the moment, the short - term operators i.e. hedge and arb funds who are highly leveraged have an entirely different agenda. These guys are hardly ever in a "market neutral" position. Given the lack of volatility in many markets, these huge highly levered players will chase any meaningful price action, drawing capital into to market and exaggerating any move. We saw this last friday where any buyers were easily crowded out by a stampeding mass.
The last thing, I think, that is worth mentioning, is the US housing market. I, personally believe that it is peoples' perceived "wealth effect" that largely determines consumer behaviour. In most cases, this is directly related to the value of their property. Even if housing market only becomes flat this year, we will notice a substantial drop in consumption. Last year house price inflation was running at 12.9% and this year the National Association of Realtors forecasts that figure will drop to 5.1% The Housing figures are out tomorrow.
To summarise, I would see increase volatility but a downward movement.