badtrader said:
Let see what answers we get. Lets say you got a target of 10 points and with a stop of 10 points. Over time what will work best. based on 2 lots
10 point target...10 points stop,,, enter 2 lots
or
10 point target...10 points stop,,, enter 2 lots sell 1 lots after 5 points then move stop to even.
or
10 point target...10 points stop ,,, enter 1 lot then at 5 points profit buy 1 more lot. stop stays at you entry price
An extremely interesting problem. You put it in a very general way, and the general answer can be very long. Also I'm not sure I understood exactly the conditions you're giving, so I'll try to be clear about what I assumed. I also assume that what you're asking is: I have 2 lots to buy: which strategy should I choose?
In the attached graph you'll find the different relevant possibilites for a trade. I also attach a table with the outcomes for the different scenarios.
After looking at the table, I'm quite sure that most people in this board, being traders and having read trading books will choose the strategy 3, which has the minimum drawdown. It is the one where you're losing the less. However, there is no one answer. The answer is: what suits you best.
Consider what happens when you take into account your probability of choosing a good trade (this is related to the 3:1 ratio trade you were talking about before), and how the probability of touching the stop loss/ reaching your target changes. To clarify, I'll give an example with numbers. Say that I'm very hard working (assuming that here we're working) and I taught myself to be a very good card counter. I win 70% of the time. Then, after 100 trades I can expect to get a total profit of 800 (70% of 100 x 20 = 1400 from the winning trades and 30x(-20)=-600 from the losing trades). To calculate what to expect from strategies 2 and 3 we need to distribute the probabilities of winning and losing among the different scenarios. So, if I distribute those probabilities evenly I get the probabilities as indicated in the graph. Using these values I get for strategy 2 total expected winnings of 525 and total losses of 300, which gives a total profit of 225. Strategy 3 yields a profit of 125 points. We can go even further and calculate how profitable I need to be for the different strategies to work? Strategy 1 is the simplest to work out. You don't need to do any calculation to realise that you need to be right more than 50% of the time to expect a profit. For strategies 2 and 3 the calculation is quite straightforward:
strategy 2: After a reasonable number of trades I can expect to end up with a loss if -20xA/2 + 0xA/2 + 0xB/2 + 15xB/2 < 0. Here A is the probability of losing (30% in the previous example) and B is the probability of winning (70% previously). These probabilities are divided by 2 because they are the number of different ways I can achieve a loss/winning. (In the previous example 30%/2=15% for the two possible price patterns that give a loss, and 70%/2=35% for each of the two winners). Note that A=1-B. The result is that if B<57.14% , on average you'll lose.
Strategy 3: Doing the same kind of calculation, if B<60% in average you'll lose.
So it seems that if you're not very good, strategy 1 should be the winner. You only need to be right more than 50% of the time.
This sounds in contradiction with what we read in all these trading books that want us to succeed. But actually it isn't. It all depends on what you want. A particular trade strategy needs to be put in the 'context' of your general capital management. How much is it worth for you betting 10 points in 2 lots? Is it 100% of your capital? Or is it just a small portion of it, say 3%? In one case I will want to minimize my maximum drawdown, because I don't want to go broke. In the other case I'll want to maximize my expected return, because I do want to make money. To illustrate how trying to maximize your expected return using the wrong amount of your capital can make you broke, you have to forget about your average return and think in terms of the rare event when you have one losing trade after another. Being right 70% of the time doesn't mean that after 3 losing trades you can be absolutely sure the next one is a winner. You can have a strike of 10 losing trades, for example. Or if you're very lucky, may be 20 losing trades...Average return means that after a big number of trades you'll be 70% right. If 10 times 2 lots represents 50% of your capital, then probably you'll go broke, even if you're right 90% of the time.
One last remark. When we calculate expected returns we're assuming we're betting the same amount everytime, so we're not reinvesting our winnings and we're not resizing our bets after losses. There is a very interesting work by J. L. Kelly, where he finds the optimun betting size in order to increase your capital and not go broke, as a function of your capital and your probability of being right. The article in itself could be a little bit complicated with the maths, but just do a search in the internet and you can get to the formula faster and with a simple explanation.
I think the stock market is a game of probabilities. You need to play it many times for it to make sense. Why is it better than a casino or a poker group? Because they're not going to shut down your business when you're winning and nobody is going to beat you up.
Good trading!
Silvia.